What Georgetown University Wants in the Essay Sample

What Georgetown University Wants in the Essay SampleThis article will answer the question: What Georgetown University wants in the essay sample. The essay is an important component of the writing assignment that will be used by your instructor to assess how well you understand the topic at hand. Therefore, you should give the most thoughtful and most insightful answers possible.First of all, you should go over the guidelines for your course. Many students get caught up in the method of the class and forget the actual topic of the essay. However, it is still a good idea to read through the guidelines before starting your assignment. In particular, you want to find out what themes are covered in your course, what kind of examples you can use to illustrate those themes, and what questions the essay asks.Of course, your course has probably told you that you need to use examples of lab science. Therefore, you need to find out what specific types of examples your instructor has suggested, whether they are a 'dog' or a 'smoker.' This will help you choose which examples you will use in your essay.You also need to make sure that you use examples that reflect the type of clinical research that you will be doing in the course. For example, if you are doing scientific research on new treatments for Alzheimer's, then you will not be as likely to use examples of lab experiments involving spiders, dogs, or people as opposed to, say, bald mice.Next, you need to consider what questions your essay asks. Again, the course will have told you that you need to ask questions that engage the reader and that demonstrate your understanding of the topic. For example, if you are conducting a survey, you will need to show that you know how to conduct surveys. Similarly, if you are reading between the lines of a news article, you will need to show that you understand the motivations and biases of the writer.Finally, you should focus on what these examples represent. In other words, look for examples that are representative of the topics you will be covering in the common medical application. If you are trying to convey the impact of heart disease on an online forum, then you will need to think about the problems and frustrations of the members of the forum. If you are discussing the medical applications of computer games, then you will need to think about the differences between games that are educational and those that are entertainment.The above guideline should help you determine what Georgetown University wants in the essay sample. When you use examples that the instructor suggests, you will give your professor and yourself a clear indication of how well you understand the topic and how much you appreciate the opportunity to write about it.

Marketing Communication at Benetton and Yeo Valley Companies

Introduction Contemporary business settings are characterised by dynamic competition trends that have compelled companies to implement robust communication strategies.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Marketing Communication at Benetton and Yeo Valley Companies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Businesses such as the Benetton Group and Yeo Valley are examples of organisations that have been forced to implement various marketing objectives using different theoretical frameworks that define their advertising strategies. The circumstances under which the marketing strategies have been executed have resulted in either advantages or disadvantages to the companies. Some of the marketing strategies that have been applied in marketing include campaigns and shock value advertising techniques. However, the way in which the advertising techniques are applied to the targeted audience and environment can be unfavourable. T his essay provides an analysis of the marketing communication strategies that have been implemented in the Benetton and Yeo Valley Companies by examining their impacts on the society and environment. Advertising Objectives of the Benetton and Yeo Valley Companies Communication strategies play a critical role in any business that is deemed to accomplish its operational goals. A critical analysis of the Benetton and Yeo Valley Companies provide a clear understanding of the advertising objectives that are geared towards the promotion of their esteemed products. The Yeo Valley Company has executed its advertisement strategies based on six core objectives that include basic goal achievement, information, persuasion, message, communication, and recapitulating consumers (De Pelsmacker, Geuens, Van den Bergh 2010). However, the management of the company realised that the consumers were unaware of the organic products among other brands. In addition, they constantly swayed by negative perce ptions that the organic products were expensive (Belch Belch 2011).Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This situation compelled the company to inform consumers about the dairy product with a view of improving its sales volume (Stevens, Kearney, Maclaran 2013). Through its management, the company also realised that the constant information that was passed to consumers ensured transparent operations. Persuasion has been used as advertisement tool in an attempt to fit in the highly competitive UK market. In this strategy, it is assumed that the information created in the minds of consumers remain permanent for repeat businesses. As a result, the messages should be unique, impressing, and pleasant (Belch Belch 2011). The advertising objective of Benetton Company is different from the normal purposes of advertisement. The company tends to embrace provocation and controversia l advertising techniques. Their principal advertising goals are based on creating the awareness of social issues globally using the â€Å"shock value† advertising approach (SandÄ ±kcÄ ± 2011; Hall 2010). The theoretical frameworks that explain strategies of Benetton and Yeo Valley companies Theories of Social Learning and Selective Perception The social learning theory has been broadly used in the Benetton Group. The creative designer, Mr. Toscani, identified that many customers had a high affinity for information that was acquired through processes such as surveillance, ridicules, and demonstration. This situation led to the acquisition of varying purchasing behaviours amongst the consumers. This theory explains that most consumers learnt through observing the conducts of others (Belch Belch 2011). A marketing strategy that was used by the creative manager the Benetton Group targeted adolescents from diverse cultural backgrounds and geographical locations (Borgerson 2009) . The plan was to outfit the individuals in dissimilar shades that were developed by the organisation.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Marketing Communication at Benetton and Yeo Valley Companies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This set of circumstances revealed a culture of unity that was being upheld by the management. The consumers readily commended the operations of the company by sending them praise messages. The strategies were meant for changing the viewpoints of the consumers on the products of the company’s brand. This state of play improved the recognition of the brand across transcultural and geographical boundaries that led to opening of more branches in France, Germany, England, Japan, and other places (Servaes Tamayo 2013). The modern society composed of consumers who are faced with environmental, medical, social, racial, and economic issues among others. Such matters can insight a se nse of powerlessness (Virvilaite Matuleviciene 2013). This situation raises a need for creating awareness of the predicaments and various ways of alleviating them to the society. For example, a picture portrays the reality of an issue. Some advertisements that were used by the company featured partisan issues while others emphasised on maladies such as AIDs. At one instance, the creative manager conducted an advertisement using the photograph of a victim that was taken at the point of death. The opinions of the consumers on the products were different as some asserted that the adverts boosted the sales while others had developed negative attitudes towards the advertisements concerning racism, homosexuality, and slavery. An example is an advert used by the company where a white child was being breastfed by a black woman. To some customers, this situation reminded them of the slavery time while others perceived it as unity among different coloured people (Brennan Binney 2010).Advert ising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Benetton Group has also adopted the theory of selective perception. The approach to advertising holds that individuals have a tendency of choosing, analysing, and categorising various situations based on the external business settings with a view of developing apt solutions to perceived problems (Rideout 2011). The model also reveals that consumers only consider some characteristics of the market environment. Through this theory, the management noted that consumers unintentionally chose information based on their perceptions that were derived from past occurrences. Most of its consumers gave different opinions concerning the techniques of advertisement that were used in the company. The perceptions of consumers concerning such advertisements guide their reactions towards the brand (Ailawadi et al. 2009; Belch Belch 2011). Theories of Reasoned Action and Planned Behaviour The tenets of the reasoned action and planned behaviour models entail dogmas that guide the determination of consumer conducts that have direct or indirect influence on the advertisement practices of the company (Belch Belch 2011). They are also based on the assumption that the considerations and perceptions of culture by different individuals can lead to the endorsement or condemnation of particular advertisement strategies. Finally yet importantly, it is also assumed that the dogmas that are held by particular individuals determine the choices of accepting or rejecting the behaviours of others (Drumwright Murphy 2009). On the other hand, the Yeo Valley Company determined that some consumers were guided by defined philosophies, insolences, and perceptions of specific products. This situation led to the association of organic products with extravagance. This situation led to a partial purchase of products from the company (Belch Belch 2011). After the implementation of the theories of planned behaviour and reasoned action, the sales of the organic products eventually started increase g radually. This state of affairs resulted from the changed perceptions, thinking, and behaviour of the consumers towards the dairy products owing to the advertisements that were enticing and entertaining (Belch Belch 2011). The reasoned action theory postulates that a person’s intention to perform a duty is influenced by its attitude towards such actions and the norms that are held by such an individual. The Yeo Valley Company successfully implemented this theory in carrying out their promotional campaigns. A research that was done by the company indicated that most consumers were unaware of most organic products such as yoghurt brands. Others also felt that such products were expensive; hence, spending a lot in them was unnecessary. The attitudes of both consumers and staff were seen as the main factors that contributed to the low brand awareness. The management changed their plans towards ensuring brand awareness. This practice was done by embracing the theory of reasoned a ction to modify the consumers’ attitudes towards costs and organic dairy products. The advantages of the organic products included their state of being environmental friendly, relatively cheap, and convenient. Such properties improved the sales significantly (Dzewaltowski 2010). Theory of planned behaviour has also been embraced by the Yeo Valley Company to not only increase the knowledge and brand awareness but also to change the attitude and perceived norms towards the organic products. The implementation of this theory led to the prediction of a number of consumer behaviours and attitudes towards the dairy product. A perceived change in their attitudes was deemed crucial in promoting the sales volume of the brand. The Advantages and Disadvantages of the advertising campaign that Benetton used for many years, and the type of companies that use shock value advertising effectively The advertisement campaigns used by the Benetton Company received both positive and negative imp acts on almost equal magnitudes. The major idea that was implemented in the advertisement process was unique since it embraced lifestyle instead of the usual brand recognition techniques. One of the advantageous aspects of the various advertisements used was that the company promoted peace and racial harmony. This situation was evident where teenagers and children from diverse cultural backgrounds around the world were dressed in colourful Benetton attires (Sokolowski 2010). In addition, a launch was conducted with two slogans namely â€Å"All the colours of the World† and â€Å"United Colours of Benetton† with a view of promoting both the colourful clothing designs of the company and world’s cultural diversity. Another advantage was the positive promotion of relevant aspects of life. This practice was done intentionally to switch the focus of viewers and consumers to embrace relevant matters that pertained to the public (Frunza 2015). Most posters and other tec hniques of advertisement showed various aspects of life that were unadulterated and uncensored. This set of circumstances ensured a positive change of attitude towards people’s social responsibilities in life. Such advertisements addressed social problems such as war deaths, AIDS as a crisis, environmental issues, political violence, and war exiles among others. Strong brand awareness and image reputation were also brought to the Benetton Company due to the use of shock advertising campaigns (Virvilaite Matuleviciene 2013). Most consumers were attentive to the various news and controversies that existed. As a result, many viewers and consumers worldwide regarded the company as socially responsive. This situation made the company improve its publicity. The Benetton Company standing also elevated owing to a particular advertisement that featured in a renowned colour magazine concerning the youths. The advertisement was written in diverse dialects in an attempt to address racia l segregation by embracing a common understanding among varied groups of people. Besides the above benefits that were associated with the company’s advertisement techniques, various disadvantages were also identified. At the outset, advertisements that addressed people’s ideas offended many consumers. For example, many people criticised some advertisements that had the Blacks and Whites in the same photos. Some of the viewers perceived the situation as a reminder of slavery and exploitation by the UK and the USA. The Black women breastfed White babies during the slavery periods; hence, the situation portrayed slavery aspects. The company’s management successfully addressed the critics by maintaining that the photographs symbolised togetherness, goodwill, and oneness. Another disadvantage was portrayed by the Benetton Company’s advertisements concerning religious and sexual conflicts where an advert portrait displayed a priest kissing a nun. In addition, t wo children demonstrated an immoral conflict where a White child represented an angel while the Black child represented a devil. The Black child had his hair done in such a way to show the horns of a devil. This state of art indicated stereotyping of god and evil in the society. The Types of Companies that should use â€Å"Shock Value† Advertisement Every business has an objective to achieve its advertisement objectives in an attempt to ensure improved sales and sustained productivity. This situation can be achieved through excellent marketing techniques (Wang, Yu, Wei 2012). One aspect that ensures the promotion of various businesses is shock advertising that entails the use of graphic imageries and blunt slogans to advertising public policies, goods, and services among other functions. However, sometimes the advertisement can be provocative, crass, and politically contradicting. According to Morgan (2013), most of the public issues that are related to health such as the pr omotion of STD prevention, discouragement of drug abuse, and creating the awareness of gender or racial discrimination among others are advertised using shock advertisements. Companies that perform low in their various business activities should implement the shock value advertisement (Kautonen, Van Gelderen, Tornikoski 2013). The poor performance of such entities can be due to lack of brand awareness or inadequate information on brands. Such companies can be in a position to revive their performance in the markets using advertisement and promotions that catch immediate attentions. They use shock-advertising techniques to create an emotional connection with customers to ensure awareness of brands and for the publicity of such enterprises. Urwin and Venter (2014) posit that organisations that embrace the awareness of social issues as their main objectives should be allowed to use the shock-value advertisement techniques solely. For instance, companies that promote good behaviours fo r the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases and prohibition of drug and alcohol abuse should conduct the practice. Charities and non-profit organisations are some of the well-known entities that embrace ‘shockvertising’ as a form of Public Service Announcement (PSA). Analysis of the Yeo Valley Advertisement Campaign in the year 2010 and the Churned â€Å"Forever† Campaign in 2011 The modern marketing concepts heavily rely on communication that is directed towards customer satisfaction, which is perceived based on their behaviours, beliefs, tastes, and preferences as well as their cultural backgrounds among others (Mathews-Wadhwa 2012). Marketing communication ensures an effective application of various factors that include persuasion, goal orientation, excellent contact points, and information conveyance (Hackley 2010). The communication process entails various steps that ensure successful transmission of information. The process entails encoding of the inf ormation by the sender who uses a selected channel to pass it to the receiver. The receiver decodes the message and provides feedback. Prior to the advertisement campaign carried out by the Yeo Valley (sender), the company first identified a problem (consumer perceptions of expensive, organic products) that needed a solution. A plan that entailed the use of internet and television to advertise the product was initiated (Carayannis, Samara, Bakouros 2015). This plan was designed to reverse the consumers’ ideas to prefer the dairy products. The company preferred the use of market communication by putting into consideration an open, soft, fun, and sociable language to address consumers. The brand (Yeo Valley) was designed to ensure that consumers approached the brands of dairy products that were offered to them. To harmonise the use of the brand and customer expectations, the company also focused on changing the face of the organic food categories. This product was made availab le to every consumer in the UK region (Minowa, Maclaran, Stevens 2014). The Yeo Valley Company developed its own YouTube, Facebook, and Twitter links that featured interviews, recipes, various advertisements, and footages besides online games such as the ‘Farmony’ that were used to educate the children and other consumers on various products offered by the company (Mangold Faulds 2009). The Churned â€Å"Forever† campaign featured an inspired faming ‘boy band’ track that was titled ‘Forever’ (medium). The campaign was designed by the Yeo Valley Company (sender) to advertise the organic dairy brand. This advertisement was done on television through the ITV Show of the X Factor (channel). The campaign was filmed in various regions such as Blagdon and Somerset where the original farms were located. The management also went ahead to use the ITV talent shows and Facebook blogs among others to improve the competition. The ‘Boy bandâ₠¬â„¢ music promoted the virtue and importance of organic farming. It elaborated ‘Live in Harmony’ campaign that was designed by the Yeo Valley Company to promote sustainable organic production across the UK. The company pass the information on organic farming techniques and the West Country roots to the consumers using the strategies (Harben Kim 2010). To implement the strategy effectively, the company created a television commercial ‘Rap’ that was geared towards changing the main customer expectations of various organic brands that it offered. This situation was made possible using music to ensure that the idea was shared among many consumers in a fun way. The advertisement on TV was viewed through various channels on the X Factor entertainment platform, online competition, and company website (Fishbein Ajzen 2011). Effects of Marketing Communication Strategy to Benetton and Yeo Valley Companies on the Society Marketing communication strategy has ensured the change of consumer’s perceptions of the advertisement techniques and information about products or services. The Yeo Valley Company has currently transformed the perceptions of the UK consumers by adopting advertisement campaigns. Before the advertisements, the perceptions of most consumers of dairy products in the country were that organic products were expensive. This situation resulted in minimal consumptions of such products (Pomering Johnson 2009). The general production of organic products by the people of the UK was also marginal due to the perception that the practice was involving. However, after the advertisement campaigns, the people’s perceptions were changed. Today, the consumers both within the UK and within other countries benefit from the use of the organic dairy brands. ‘Shockvertising’ as used by the Benetton Company has caused stronger feelings and reactions to the consumers (Parry et al. 2013). The society’s perceptions of the adverts cut across the advantages and disadvantages. Some of the consumers felt favoured by the brands while others felt marginalised. While others commented positively on the bold stance, the company had taken to speak about social issues that were ignored (Mikhailitchenko et al. 2009). Conclusion Various objectives of market communication have been critically examined in the essay by providing an insight into the advertisement practices of the Benetton and Yeo Valley Companies. From the discussions, it is realised that the companies have different reasons for conducting advertisement. For example, the Yeo Valley Company mainly advertised to create awareness of the organic products and farming to customers while the Benetton Group only focused on the creation of awareness of social issues that were different from the products they offered. Market communication should be addressed thoroughly since it can result in either benefit or loss to an entity. References Ailawadi, K, Beau champ, J, Donthu, N, Gauri, D Shankar, V 2009, ‘Communication and promotion decisions in retailing: a review and directions for future research’, Journal of Retailing, vol. 85 no. 1, pp. 42-55. Ashley, C Leonard, H 2009, ‘Betrayed by the buzz? Covert content and consumer-brand relationships’, Journal of Public Policy Marketing, vol. 28 no. 2, pp. 212-220. Belch, G Belch, M 2011, Advertising, and Promotion: An Integrated Marketing Communications Perspective, McGraw Hill, New York, NY. Borgerson, J, Schroeder, J, Escudero Magnusson, M Magnusson, F 2009, ‘Corporate communication, ethics, and operational identity: A case study of Benetton’, Business Ethics: A European Review, vol. 18 no. 3, pp. 209-223. Brennan, L Binney, W 2010, ‘Fear, guilt, and shame appeals in social marketing’, Journal of business Research, vol. 63 no. 2, pp. 140-146. Carayannis, E, Samara, E Bakouros, Y 2015, Innovation as a Management Process, Springer In ternational Publishing, Switzerland. De Pelsmacker, P, Geuens, M Van den Bergh, J 2010, Marketing Communications: A European Perspective, Pearson, Harlow. Drumwright, M Murphy, P 2009, ‘The Current State of Advertising Ethics’, Journal of Advertising, vol. 38 no. 1, pp. 83-107. Dzewaltowski, D 2010, ‘Toward a model of exercise motivation’, JSEP, vol. 11 no. 3, pp. 251-269. Fishbein, M Ajzen, I 2011, ‘Predicting and changing behaviour: The reasoned action approach, The Journal of Social Psychology, vol. 151 no. 3, pp. 382-385. Frunza, M 2015, ‘Advertising, Gender Stereotypes and Religion.A Perspective from the Philosophy of Communication’, Journal for the Study of Religions and Ideologies, vol. 14 no. 40, pp. 72-91. Hackley, C 2010, Advertising and Promotion: An Integrated Marketing Communications Approach, Sage, London. Hall, S 2010, ‘Encoding, Decoding’, Social Theory: Power and identity in the global era, vol. 2 no. 1, p p. 569-599. Harben, B Kim, S 2010, ‘Political opinion leadership and advertisement attitude: The moderating roles of cognitive and affective responses to political messages’, The Social Science Journal, vol. 47 no. 1, pp. 90-105. Kautonen, T, Van Gelderen, M Tornikoski, E 2013, ‘Predicting entrepreneurial behaviour: a test of the theory of planned behaviour’, Applied Economics, vol. 45 no. 6, pp. 697-707. Mangold, W Faulds, D 2009, ‘Social media: The new hybrid element of the promotion mix’, Business Horisons, vol. 52 no. 1, pp. 357-365. Mathews-Wadhwa, A 2012, The Best Online Videos Engage, Enlighten Viewers: 6 Tips. Web. Mikhailitchenko, A, Javalgi, R, Mikhailitchenko, G Laroche, M 2009, ‘Cross-cultural advertising communication: Visual imagery, brand familiarity, and brand recall’, Journal of Business Research, vol. 62 no. 10, pp. 931-938. Minowa, Y, Maclaran, P Stevens, L 2014, ‘Visual Representations of Violent Wome n’, Visual Communication Quarterly, vol. 21 no. 4, pp. 210-222. Morgan, S 2013, ‘Patterns of innovation in the dairy processing sector in South West Wales’, Regional Science Policy Practice, vol. 5 no. 4, pp. 417-434. Parry, S, Jones, R, Stern, P Robinson, M 2013 ‘Shockvertising: An exploratory investigation into attitudinal variations and emotional reactions to shock advertising’, Journal of Consumer Behaviour, vol. 12 no. 2, pp. 112-121. Pomering, A Johnson, L 2009, ‘Constructing a corporate social responsibility reputation using corporate image advertising’, Australasian Marketing Journal, vol. 17 no. 2, pp. 106-114. Rideout, L 2011, ‘Representations of the Third World in NGO advertising: Practicalities, colonial discourse and western understandings of development’, Journal of African Media Studies, vol. 3 no. 1, pp. 25-41. SandÄ ±kcÄ ±, Ãâ€" 2011, ‘Shock tactics in advertising and implications for citizen-con sumer’, International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, vol. 1 no. 18, pp. 42-50. Servaes, H Tamayo, A 2013, ‘The impact of corporate social responsibility on firm value: The role of customer awareness’, Management Science, vol. 59 no. 5, pp. 1045-1061. Sokolowski, O 2010, International Strategic Leadership: Case study of Benetton Group. Web. Stevens, L, Kearney, M Maclaran, P 2013, ‘Uddering the other: Androcentrism, ecofeminism, and the dark side of anthropomorphic marketing’, Journal of Marketing Management, vol. 29 no. 1, 158-160. Urwin, B Venter, M 2014, Shock Advertising: Not So Shocking Anymore. An Investigation among Generation Y’, Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, vol. 5 no. 21, pp. 203. Virvilaite, R Matuleviciene, M 2013, ‘The Impact Of Shocking Advertising To Consumer Buying Behaviour’, Economics and Management, vol. 18 no. 1, pp. 134-141. Wang, X, Yu, C Wei, Y 2012, ‘Social media peer commun ication and impacts on purchase intentions: A consumer socialization framework’, Journal of Interactive Marketing, vol. 26 no. 4, pp. 198-208. This case study on Marketing Communication at Benetton and Yeo Valley Companies was written and submitted by user Mckenz1e to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

How To Use Adverbial Phrases in Spanish

How To Use Adverbial Phrases in Spanish Native Spanish speakers often prefer phrases that act like adverbs over the corresponding adverbs themselves. Using Phrases That Function as Adverbs Heres why:  Adverbs can often be formed in Spanish by adding -mente to many adjectives, just as -ly can be used to form adverbs in English. But the creation of adverbs using -mente has its limits. For one, there are plenty of times where one needs an adverb (a word that modifies a  verb,  adjective, other adverb or an entire sentence) when theres no adjective that will do as a root word. Also, sometimes for no apparent reason, some adjectives in Spanish simply arent combined with -mente. Finally, many Spanish speakers  tend to frown on the use of several -mente adverbs in one sentence, especially in writing. The solution is one that is also used in English: use of an adverbial or prepositional phrase. These phrases are typically formed by using a preposition and a noun, sometimes including an article. For example, we might say anduvo a la izquierda for he walked leftward or he walked to the left. In that case, a la izquierda and to the left are adverbial phrases. The difference is that in Spanish, there is no one-word adverb that can be used. Adverbial phrases seem to be more common in Spanish than in English. In many cases, the same thought can be expressed using either an adverb or an adverbial phrase. Spanish tends to prefer the phrase, while English tends to prefer the simple adverb, even though both are grammatically correct. For example, it is possible to say either ciegamente or a ciegas for blindly or in a blind manner. But Spanish more often uses the phrase, English the one word. Even so, in most cases there is no practical difference in meaning between a -mente adverb and a corresponding adverbial phrase, so they are freely interchangeable. In many contexts theres no distinguishable difference, for example, between perfectamente (perfectly) and sin errores (without mistakes). What can be particularly confusing for Spanish students who have English as a first language is that the two languages frequently have similar phrases that use different prepositions. For example, the phrase for on horseback is a caballo, not the en caballo you might expect if translating the English on literally. Similarly, the phrase for kneeling or on the knees is de rodillas, not the en rodillas that might seem logical. Common Adverbial Phrases Spanish has countless adverbial phrases. Here are some of the most common, as well as some that are included simply because theyre interesting or could be confusing for the beginner, or because they provide examples of alternative ways to translate English adverbs: a bordo - on boarda caballo - on horsebacka carrera abierta - at full speeda chorros - abundantlya conciencia - conscientiouslya continuacià ³n - right afterwarda destiempo - inopportunely, at a bad timea empujones - pushingly, intermittentlya escondidas - covertly, secretlya gatas - on hands and kneesa la derecha - rightwarda la fuerza - necessarilya la izquierda - leftwarda la larga - in the long runa las claras - clearlyal fin - finallyal alimà ³n  -   jointly, togethera lo loco  -   like a crazy persona mano - by hand, manuallya mquina - by machinea matacaballo - at breakneck speeda menudo - frequentlyante todo - primarilya pie - on foota quemarropa  -   at point-blank rangea regaà ±adientes - unwillinglya sabiendas - knowinglya saltos - jumpinga solas - alonea tiempo - on time, in timea todas horas - continuallya veces - sometimesbajo control - under controlbajo cuerda - underhandedlycon ansiedad -   anxiouslycon audacia - daringl ycon bien - safelycon cuentagotas - stingilycon esperanza - hopefullycon frecuencia - frequentlycon prisa - hurriedlycon valor - courageouslyde buena gana - willinglyde continuo - continuouslyde costumbre - customarilyde frente - head-onde golpe - suddenlyde improviso - unexpectedlyde inmediato  -   immediatelyde locura - foolishlyde mala gana - unwillinglyde memoria - by memorydentro de poco - shortlyde nuevo - again, anewde ordinario - ordinarilyde pronto - suddenlyde puntillas - on tiptoede repente - suddenlyde rodillas - kneelingde seguro - certainlyde veras - trulyde verdad - truthfullyde vez en cuando - occasionallyen balde - pointlesslyen broma - jokinglyen cambio - on the other handen confianza - confidentiallyen la actualidad - presently, nowen particular - particularlyen secreto - secretlyen seguida - immediatelyen serio - seriouslyen vano  -   vainlyen voz alta - loudly (said of speaking)en voz baja - softly (said of speaking)p or ahora  -   for nowpor cierto - certainlypor consiguiente - consequentlypor fin - finallypor la puerta grande  -   in grand stylepor lo contrario - on the contrarypor lo general - generallypor lo regular  -   regularlypor lo visto - apparentlypor suerte - luckilypor supuesto - of coursepor todas partes - everywheresin empacho - uninhibitedlysin reserva - unreservedlysin ton ni son  - without rhyme or reason

Student press freedom Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Student press freedom - Assignment Example The freedom of the press is quite vast, such that a few politicians have referred to the public press as the fourth estate, essentially conferring on it the same degree of importance and significance as the other three branches of the government. It can conduct its own inquiries in search of truth, in the name of public interest, like investigative journalism in which certain anomalies involving public funds can be uncovered, as an example. Freedom of the press carries with it vast powers but imposes the strict standards of ethics and principles adopted by the members of the press who consider their job as a profession. As such, the press refers originally to previous regimes in which news and information are obtained from newspapers, but in todays digital world, press also refers to all types of media available, like print, radio, television, and Internet (e-mails, blogs, and social networking sites) where information can spread very quickly indeed on a worldwide basis. The right to exercise this freedom is synonymous with all the responsibilities to exercise it in a responsible manner, to prevent abuses, promote welfare, and maintain journalistic independence. This paper discusses some of the issues involving the laws on media, and in particular, the specific sub-topic of freedom of the student press. In this regard, students who work in their own student or school publications learn firsthand the basics of what responsible journalism is all about, gaining valuable experience in the exercise of this important basic constitutional right.

Critical thinking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Critical thinking - Essay Example Similarly, developing critical thinking requires strategies towards an understanding of and integration with environmental factors. I concur with the article’s position on significance of critical thinking in exploiting personal potentials, existence of different stages of critical thinking potential, and strategies to developing critical thinking capacity. Critical thinking is an instrument to exploitation of potential as it offers rationale for understanding personal abilities and identification of the appropriate need for such potentials. Once a potential and its need are matched, there develops motivation for manifesting abilities, including critical thinking. Critical thinking is also a process that requires ability to engage cognitively. Developing such abilities must therefore be gradual to pass through stages, as the article suggests. Similarly, being a process, developing critical thinking ability is aided by strategies such as being conscious of the environment, being flexible in mind, being analytical and connecting with the environment. These strategic factors facilitate awareness towards crit ical thinking for informed decisions (Collison, p.

Reflecting On The Incident And Making Necessary Application Of Theory

Reflecting On The Incident And Making Necessary Application Of Theory Introduction The aim of this assignment is to identify and reflect on a critical incident that happened at my work place and making an analysis for learning experience. The following will be identified and defined: critical reflection, the value of critical reflection and health and social care theories to support my personal and professional development. The full description of the incident is available in Appendix.1. White et al (2006) defines critical reflection as a process which incorporates individuals analyses of thinking with regard to the influence of socially dominant thinking. The material reflected upon in critical reflection is screened through the analysis based on critical theory. Foook, (2002) in Pranee Limputtong (2008 p.266) points out that critical reflection is a process of identifying the ways in which we might unwittingly affirm discourses that work against us, and shape people we are working with through examining our implicit assumptions. The value of reflection is to generate evidence to confirm or contest the link between reflection and improvement in social care work practice and also has a potential to enhance the quality of care delivery (Burns and Bulman 2000). Reflection stems out of particular experiences of professionals, including their experiences of critical reflection in some of health subjects such as social care and social work. Critical reflection seeks out to engage professionals into their studies making them aware of situations that may have noticed and taken for granted in practice. The method of critical reflection is also interrogating and debating the aspects of a particular practice in order to generate an understandable study (White et al 2006). According to Palmer et al. (1994) reflection has been proven to be a key tool for practice learning, practitioners need more than experience knowledge for competence. Professional development is a way of equipping practitioners to be competent and be in a better position to respond well to changing needs in the world of practice. Pranee Limputtong (2008 p. 266) states that the reasons or aims of critical reflection is to dig how we participate in communicating our ideas which shape the existing power in relations. Johns and Freshwater (1998) cited in based learning.org (2008) points out that, the value of reflection is a way in which professionals can enhance their learning as it involves questions about self, actions beliefs and values. There are several models of critical reflection, only a few have been identified in this assignment. Kims (1999) model is a three phase of reflection which helps the practitioner to continue the journey of reflection as he or she gradually develops the abilities to reflect. This model is used to develop a novice reflective practitioner to begin with simple descriptive reflection and gradually progress to the more complex levels under close supervision and guidance (Rolfe et al 2001). Johns (2000) model for reflection is a cue of questions built into a very comprehensive framework for structuring reflection-on-action furthermore Rolfe et.al (2001) states that some consideration should be made, whether his fifth way of knowing of reflexivity is really reflective. His model does not make any provisions for making changes to an on-going experience. Gibbs (1988) model of reflection a cyclical cue of questions arranged in the similar way with Tandiwe Dube 0921769 Johns (2000) learning cycle. This framework is centred in learning from experience rather than attempting to change the experience. The model does not encourage any reflexive path back to the action from which learning is derived (Rolfe et al 2001) I have chosen this framework as it gives the foundation of reflection and has three cues of questions that are designed to be open and can be revised to meet specific needs for different practitioners in different situations. It pays particular attention to Bortons (1997) model as its macro structure. The three set of questions completes a cycle which enables the practitioner to continually improve on learning from experience for better practice. The first set of questions is the description level of the situation. The second level is the building level of reflection where the practitioner is encouraged to make a personal theory and knowledge out of the situation. The third level is for the practitioner to reflect on the consequences of their actions and considers how to improve on practice. This final stage is considered as the stage which can contribute more to practice (Rolfe et al 2001). Mr. B. was not offered his cup of tea and toast in the morning as he was incontinent of urine and faeces and needed to attend to his personal hygiene before being offered a cup of tea. This interrupted with his normal routine in the care plan which made him unhappy. As Mr. B was coming downstairs my colleague shouted from upstairs that I should ask Mr. B to go back to his bedroom. ( See Appendix) I used my voice and hand gestures to tell him to go back upstairs (Mr. B has learning difficulties), but he did not respond and continued coming down towards me. I felt intimidated and scared as I could not get through to Mr. B. I was concerned and I thought of my responsibility of duty of care, personal hygiene, respect, Tandiwe Dube 0921769 privacy and dignity as he was not appropriately dressed to come downstairs. I could tell that Mr. B was not listening to what I was saying as he seemed to be furious then hit the fish pond with his fist out of anger. Nazarko (2004) suggests that one should not repeat if the person does not understand what is being said but try to rephrase and speak a little more slowly when communicating with the service users. The way I raised my voice trying to be assertive and the way I used my hand gestures was wrongly interpreted by Mr B. In the process I have learnt that as a bank staff every time I get to a particular residential/care home, I need to first read the service user care plans before giving any nursing intervention to avoid putting myself and others to any risks as there might be changes in the service users care needs. As a social care worker, according to the GSCC (2002) I am accountable for the task delegated to me as well as my actions of carrying out the task. I should also identify my training needs as stated by Palmer et al (2000) that many practitioners suggested that reflection had encouraged them to identify their learning needs, assess their level of competence examine their accountability and articulate their concerns before undertaking a new task. When I saw that there was communication breakdown between myself and Mr. B, I should have called my senior, the manager or one of my colleagues before Mr. B hits the fish pond and gets hurt. According to the GSCC (2000) as a social care worker I have to work with others to protect the health and wellbeing of those in my care, seeking assistance from the employer or appropriate authorities if one feels not adequately able to carry out any task or not sure how to proceed. If this ever happened again I will call for assistance immediately when I realise that I am not Tandiwe Dube 0921769 competent to deal with the situation. As a practitioner I should recognise the limits of my professional competence and only undertake a task and accept accountability of those activities that I am competent in doing. In future I will make sure that I undertake necessary training to build my competence. To practice competently one needs the knowledge, skills and the required ability to lawfully, safely and effectively carry on a task without direct supervision. The senior came after hearing the noise and she spoke to Mr B using both verbal and non-verbal communication de-escalation technique. Through this incident I have learnt to continue developing my knowledge and skills as it is a requirement for every practitioner to take fresher courses to keep their knowledge and skills up-to-date. In conclusion critical reflection is quite important as it seeks out to engage professionals into their studies making them aware of situations that they may have noticed and taken for granted in their practice. Also the value of reflection is vital to generate evidence to confirm or contest the link between reflection and improvement in nursing practice and also has a potential to enhance the quality of care delivery (Burns and Bulman 2000). Reflecting to the incident one has learnt the importance of engagement and communication skills in that I could have used the de-escalation techniques situations before the situation got out of hand, and build my confidence and be more competent. Tandiwe Dube 0921769 References: Burns, S. and Bulman, C. (2000) The Growth of the Professional Practitioner. 2nd ed. Blackwell Science Ltd. Fook, J. And Gardner, F. (2007) Practising Critical Reflection. Open University Press Ghaye, T. And Lillyman, S. (2006) Learning Journals and Critical Incidents. Reflective Practice For Health Care Professionals. 2nd ed. Quay Books Division, MA Healthcare Ltd, St Jukes. Gould, N. and Baldwin, M. (2004) Social Work, Critical Reflection and the Learning Organization. Ashgate Publishing Limited Lmputtong, P. (2008) Knowing Differently: Arts- Based and Collaborative Research Methods. Nova Science Publishers. Palmer, A.M. Burns, S. Bulman, C. (1994) Reflective Practice in Nursing. The Growth of the Professional Practitioner. Blackwell Science. Ltd Oxford. Rolfe, G. Freshwater, Dawn and Jasper, M.(2000) Critical Reflection for Nursing and the Helping Professions. Routeledge White, S. Fook, J. and Gardner, F. (2006) Critical Reflection in Health and Social Care. Open University Press. http://www.practicebasedlearning.org/resources/resources.htm last updated on 04-09-2008 accessed on the 22-11-2010. Tandiwe Dube 0921769

Metis Struggle for Self Identification Essay -- Canadian History Stru

Metis' Struggle for Self Identification   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One of the most contentious issues in Canada’s history is that of the Metis. Some people feel this unique group of people does not deserve any sort of recognition, whereas others believe their unique history and culture is something to be recognized and cherished. The history of the Metis people is filled with struggle; not only struggles against other powers, but also a struggle for self-identification. Despite strong opposition, the Metis people of Canada have matured as a political force and have taken great strides towards being recognized as a unique people.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The word Metis is a French word that means: â€Å"mixed race†. Today it is often used for anyone who has European – Indian heritage, but when the colonies of Canada were being formed Metis had a specific meaning. The roots for this hybrid race came from French – Indian ancestry. It did not matter how much of each you had in you, as long as there was some of each. At the time, the Metis seemed to be superior in comparison to the individual Indian or Frenchman, because they appeared to possess certain marks of superiority over both parent types or strains . This meant they had all of the good characteristics from each group and left the bad ones behind.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The history of the Metis started with the European colonization of North America. With the arrival of the West European powers, fraternization and trade began between the European settlers and the many First Nations peoples throughout Canada. The French were the first foreign power to realize the potential benefits of allying with the First Nations peoples. Consequently, the French explorer, Samuel de Champlain, proposed a union of the French and First Nations . Champlain’s, and therefore France’s, goal was to create a mixed-blood race to populate the continent and form a new, thriving colony for France . The offspring of these unions did not live the life Champlain envisioned; instead they often lived exclusively with one group or another. It was not until the years when fur trading became a lucrative, thriving business that children of mixed descent began to realize their own unique place in the world.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When these times arose, these children were the envy of most because they were not only bilingual and bicultural , but they also knew the lifestyles of both the white man and the Indian. The... ...n hundreds of years ago. The injustices of the past have left their mark, but just as in the past, the spirit of the people will enable them to prevail against difficult odds until they finally receive their due. Bibliography 1)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Adams, Howard. Prison Of Grass, (Saskatoon: Fifth house Publishers, 1975) 2)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Corrigan, Samuel. The Struggle For Recognition, (Winnipeg: Pemican Publications, 412 McGregor St., Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, 1991) 3)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Daniels, Harry W. We Are The New Nation, (Ottawa: Native Council Of Canada, Ontario, K1P 5L6, 1979) 4)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Eccles, W.J. Essays On New France, (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987) 5)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Lussier, Antoine S. The Other Natives, (Winnipeg: Manitoba Metis Federation Press, 300-275 Portage Ave, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3B 2B3, 1975) 6)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  MacEWAN, Grant. Metis Makers Of History, Saskatoon: Western Prarie Books, Saskatchewan, 1981) 7)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Maguet, Elizabeth. Hold High Your Heads, (Winnipeg: Pemican Publications, 412 McGregor St., Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, 1992) 8)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sealey Bruce D. The Metis: Canada’s Forgotten People, (Winnipeg: Manitoba Metis Federation Press, 300-275 Portage Ave, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3B 2B3, 1975)